شناخت پژوهی مطالعات سیاسی

شناخت پژوهی مطالعات سیاسی

تحلیل نقش هوش مصنوعی در استراتژی دفاعی و پیامدهای آن برای امنیت ملی و جهانی (مطالعه موردی چین، روسیه و آمریکا)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استاد، گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری روابط بین الملل، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
3 دانشجوی دکتری، رشته روابط بین‌الملل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران
چکیده
همگرایی فناوری هوش مصنوعی با حوزه دفاع و امنیت، در حال دگرگونی بنیادین معادلات قدرت و ماهیت تهدیدات در نظام بین‌الملل است. این پژوهش با هدف «تحلیل نقش هوش مصنوعی در استراتژی‌های دفاعی و پیامدهای آن برای امنیت ملی و جهانی» و با تمرکز بر سه بازیگر اصلی این عرصه، یعنی ایالات‌متحده، روسیه و چین انجام شده است. پرسش محوری مقاله این است: «بهره‌گیری از هوش مصنوعی در استراتژی دفاعی قدرت‌های بزرگ چه پیامدهایی برای امنیت ملی آنان و امنیت بین‌الملل دارد؟». این پژوهش با رویکردی توصیفی- تحلیلی و در چارچوب نظری مکتب کپنهاگ انجام شده است. روش پژوهش، کیفی است و داده‌های مورد نیاز به روش کتابخانه‌ای و از طریق واکاوی اسناد راهبردی دولتی، مقالات علمی معتبر و گزارش‌های تحلیلی مراکز مطالعاتی بین‌المللی گردآوری و با تکنیک تحلیل محتوا مورد بررسی قرار گرفته‌اند. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که اگر چه هوش مصنوعی به‌عنوان یک «قدرت­افزای راهبردی» به کشورها در تقویت امنیت نظامی و اقتصادی کمک می‌کند، اما در سطح کلان، پیامدهای بی‌ثبات‌کننده‌ای را دامن می‌زند. مهم‌ترین این پیامدها شامل «تشدید رقابت تسلیحاتی و کاهش آستانه هسته‌ای»، «تضعیف ثبات استراتژیک» و «ایجاد تهدیدات وجودی برای امنیت انسانی» از یک­سو، و «تقویت سوگیری‌های الگوریتمی و تهدید امنیت اجتماعی» در سطح ملی از سوی دیگر است. نتیجه کلی حاکی از آن است که بهره‌گیری فزاینده از هوش مصنوعی در عرصه دفاع، بدون ایجاد چارچوب‌های حکمرانی و حقوقی بین‌المللی، می‌تواند امنیت جهانی را در معرض ریسک‌های غیرقابل پیش‌بینی قرار دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Analyzing the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Defense Strategy and its Implications for National and Global Security: A Case Study of China, Russia, and the US

نویسندگان English

Reza Simbar 1
Sahar Shasti 2
Reza Seddighi rodsare 3
1 "Professor and faculty member of the Department of Political Science at the University of Guilan."
2 PhD student, International Relations, University of Guilan
3 "PhD student in International Relations at Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch."
چکیده English

The convergence of artificial intelligence technology with the defense and security sector is fundamentally transforming the balance of power and the nature of threats in the international system. This research, titled "Analysis of the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Defense Strategies and its Consequences for National and Global Security," was conducted with a focus on the three main actors in this arena: the United States, Russia, and China. The central research question is: "What are the consequences of utilizing artificial intelligence in the defense strategies of major powers for their national security and for international security?" This study employs a descriptive-analytical method within the theoretical framework of the Copenhagen School. The required data were collected through a library research method, analyzing governmental strategic documents, reputable scientific articles, and analytical reports from international research centers, and were examined using content analysis technique. The findings indicate that while AI serves as a "strategic force multiplier," aiding countries in enhancing their military and economic security, at the macro level, it fosters destabilizing consequences. The most significant of these consequences include, on one hand, the "intensification of arms races and the lowering of the nuclear threshold," "weakening of strategic stability," and "creation of existential threats to human security," and on the other hand, at the national level, the "reinforcement of algorithmic biases and the threat to societal security." The overall conclusion suggests that the increasing reliance on AI in the defense realm, without establishing international governance and legal frameworks, could expose global security to unpredictable risks.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
Offset Strategy
Security
State

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دوره 2، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 7
فصل زمستان
زمستان 1404
صفحه 1-27

  • تاریخ دریافت 12 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 13 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 16 مهر 1404